Economics studies those aspects of
human behavior relating to working, producing goods, distributing them,
and consuming them.
经济学是研究人类商品生产、分配以及消费行为的科学。
2.
Because of scarcity, each of us is forced to make choices.
由于资源稀缺，我们被迫作出选择。
3.
Society's problem is a scarcity of resources-the things we
use to make goods and services.
社会问题就在于我们用来制造商品及劳务的资源是稀缺的。
4.
Microeconomics studies the behavior of individual households,
firms and governments, the choices they make, and their interaction in specific
markets and industries.
微观经济学所要研究的是个人、企业和政府的行为，当他们在作出选择时在既定的市场和行业中的相互影响。
5.
Total production of every good or service will
be greatest when individuals specialize according to their comparative advantage.
根据比较优势原则，当每个人专职从事某种商品生产或服务时，总产出将会最大。
6.
Supply and demand explains how prices are determined
in competitive markets.
供需理论说明了在自由竞争市场中价格的决定机理。
7.
The law of demand states that when the price
of a good rises, and everything else remains the same, the quantity of the
demanded will fall.
需求定理表明：当某种商品价格上升时而其它条件不变时，该商品的需求量将减少。
8.
Any change in the price of one good changes the
trade-off between the two goods.
一种商品价格的任何变动都将改变两种商品之间的交易量。
9.
In pure competition, the firm is a price taker-it
treats the price of its output as given.
在完全竞争条件下，一个企业只是价格的被动接受者--它认为其产品的价格是既定的。
10.
Unlike purely competitive firms, monopolies may
earn economic profit in the long run.
与完全竞争企业不同，寡头企业能长期获得超额经济利润。
11.
Antitrust policy can sustain competition by preventing
mergers between large competitors.
反托拉斯法通过控制大竞争厂商合并以保持竞争。
12.
In the long run, monetary policy can change the
rate of inflation, but not the rate of unemployment.
从长期来看，货币政策能够改变通货膨胀率，但改变不了失业率。
13.
When the marginal product of labor increases
with a rise in employment, there are increasing marginal returns to labor.
如果伴随着就业的增加，劳动力的边际产量也增加，那么劳动力的边际收入也将增加。
14.
Stagnation combined with inflation is called stagflation.
我们把经济停滞与通货膨胀并存的经济现象称为滞胀。
15.
It used to be thought that inflation and unemployment
were trade-offs, but contemporary inflation has persisted despite the presence
of unemployment.
过去人们普遍认为，通货膨胀与失业不可能并存，但现代通货膨胀在失业现象存在的情况下依然存在。
16.
Inflation is a redistributive process, a zero-sum game.
通货膨胀是一个重新分配的过程，是一种"零积累"游戏。
17.
One cost of inflation to the economic system
is the loss of reliable guides to price relationships.
通货膨胀对经济体系造成的一个损失就是价格关系失去了可靠向导。
18.
In the past years, a sharp disinflation has appeared
largely because of tight money policies.
这几年出现了明显的通货收缩，很大程度上是由于采取了货币紧缩政策。
19.
More people will come to deposit their money
in the bank when the interest rate goes up.
当利率提高时，有更多的人到银行来存钱。
20.
Owning the rise in prices people reduced their deposit in
the bank.
由于物价上涨，人们减少了在银行的存款。
21.
The interest rate has adjusted due to the rise in prices.
由于物价上涨，利率作了调整。
22.
For the firm's owners, opportunity cost is the
total value of everything sacrificed to produce output.
企业主的机会成本就是为获得产出而作出牺牲的总价值。
23.
In an economic sense, demand is the quantity
of a good or service for which consumers are willing to pay a given price
at a given time.
在经济学意义上，需求是指消费者在一定时间内以一定价格购买产品或服务的量。
24.
Someone's desire for something can not be termed
as effective demand in an economic sense.
一个人想买某样东西的愿望在经济学意义上不是有效需求。
25.
In the circle of economics, supply is the quantity
of a good or service that producers will offer at a given price at a given
time.
在经济学领域里，供应是指生产商在一定时间内以一定价格提供某种产品或服务的量。
26.
Therefore when businesses set a price for a product,
they have to take both their profit and consumers' purchasing power into
account.
因此，商家在给某样产品定价时，必须考虑利润与消费者购买力两方面的因素。
27.
Consumers will not buy a product if it is priced beyond their
budget.
消费者不会购买定价超出他们预算的东西。
28.
Once a coin becomes recognized as a rarity its
value frequently increases every time it changes hands.
一旦一枚硬币被公认为稀有，它的价值就会随着每次转手出售而不断上升。
29.
The marginal approach to profit states that a
firm should take any action that adds more to its revenue than to its cost.
边际利润方法指出：一个企业应该采取一切措施来增加收益而不是成本。
30.
During a period of inflation the real value of
wages may fall although nominal wages rise.
1.
